Promote smart construction and develop green buildings
Transformation and upgrading of construction industry shows new outlook
From "small but beautiful" projects such as residences, schools, and parks, to large-scale infrastructure projects such as bridges, railways, and airports, in recent years, my country's construction industry has continued to enhance its construction capabilities and its industrial scale has continued to expand. In 2022, the industry's total output value will exceed 31 trillion yuan, with added value accounting for 6.9% of GDP, and employing more than 52 million people.
While continuing to develop rapidly, the construction industry also faces the problem of being big but not strong, and is facing important tasks such as improving quality and efficiency, saving energy and reducing consumption. Under the new situation, how can the construction industry seize the opportunities of the new round of technological revolution and industrial transformation and achieve transformation and upgrading?
Apply new products and technologies
The construction industry is deeply integrated with advanced manufacturing and new generation information technology.
In western Xinjiang, near Muztagh Peak in the Pamir Plateau, there is a row of container-style houses. This is the country's first "zero-altitude" astronomical observatory just delivered this year. Although the altitude is as high as more than 4,500 meters and the outdoor oxygen concentration is only about 55% of that in the plains, people do not suffer from altitude sickness such as headaches and insomnia indoors.
Where is the secret? "The 'zero altitude' building uses pressurized air-tight technology, which improves the airtightness of the building and injects air inside, so that the air pressure and oxygen content reach the level of plain areas." Wang Kaiqiang, president of the China Institute of Advanced Architecture Technology, said that in order to achieve In this regard, the project must first overcome the problem of high pressure. "Ordinary buildings only need a few hundred kilograms per square meter of pressure, and 'zero altitude' buildings need to reach more than 4 tons." After pressurization, the normal operation of internal facilities must be ensured. The air in a confined space is fresh and the environment is comfortable, which requires the use of sensing, monitoring and control technologies.
"'Zero altitude' buildings can provide health protection for people who live on the plateau for a long time. They have been used in hotels, residential buildings and other scenarios, with a cumulative application area of more than 2,000 square meters. In the future, through customized and one-stop design services, the market will become more Vast." Wang Kaiqiang said.
Adhering to the drive of innovation, construction companies continue to expand markets and improve quality and efficiency.
In Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, construction of an office building more than 300 meters high is intensifying. Technicians carrying out precise positioning measurements on the top floor hold an "artifact" the size of a pencil box in their hands - the super-high-rise Beidou high-precision satellite positioning receiver, which can achieve Precise positioning of "600 meters height, 2 mm error".
During project construction, whether the positioning measurement is accurate is related to the quality and safety of the entire building. In the past, the construction industry usually used measuring instruments such as laser plumbometers and steel rulers. Buildings above 300 meters are more affected by strong winds, turbulence, etc., and are prone to more violent building swings, leading to cumulative errors.
"In the past few years, through independent research and development, we have overcome the 'stuck neck' problem in high-precision measurement of super high-rise buildings. This year's updated and iterated third-generation equipment has improved anti-interference capabilities and stability, and the measurement height has reached the kilometer level." Zhang Shengliang, a surveying and mapping expert from China Construction First Engineering Bureau, said that this equipment has been exported abroad and applied to more than 50 super high-rise projects around the world.
In recent years, the construction industry has accelerated its in-depth integration and development with advanced manufacturing and new generation information technology. New equipment has emerged one after another: the X-MEN robot developed by China Construction can perform "B-ultrasound" on buildings, project the original positions of models and drawings onto the construction site, assist in checking construction quality, and calibrate the position of electromechanical pipelines; cloud construction factories integrate cranes, The material yard, intelligent robots, etc. can achieve the fastest construction progress of one layer of the core tube in 4 days.
New technologies continue to make breakthroughs: Ma Liang XCUBE, a BIM (Building Information Model) digital design software developed by China Construction Engineering Corporation, can provide geometric modeling, 2D and 3D collaboration, rendering simulation, data intelligence and other services, and realize the domestic production of the BIM graphics core engine and BIM basic software. ization and industrialization.
"We also have to see the problems of the industry being 'big but not strong, small but not specialized', low corporate profitability, and homogeneous competition." Jing Wan, vice president of the China Construction Industry Association, believes that intelligent construction is the key to promoting the construction industry. The only way to shift from labor-intensive to technology-intensive is to promote the coordinated development of intelligent construction and new building industrialization as the driving force, strengthen the application of new technologies and new products, and build the core competitiveness of the industry.
Promote new materials and new processes
Green and low-carbon development throughout the life cycle, with a cumulative green building area of over 10 billion square meters across the country
The construction industry is one of the key industries to implement energy conservation and carbon reduction. According to estimates, the energy consumption in the entire building process accounts for more than 45% of the country's total energy consumption. Many interviewees believe that in the context of achieving the "double carbon" goal, accelerating the construction of green buildings, changing construction methods, and achieving green and low-carbon development throughout the life cycle are important directions for industry transformation and upgrading.
In Shenzhen, Guangdong, at the construction site of the China Construction Technology Composite Modular Building (CMC) global R&D headquarters, there is no scene of "supporting formwork and tying steel bars." It turns out that mechanical, electrical, pipelines, curtain walls, etc. are prefabricated in the factory in advance, and each modular unit is hoisted like "building blocks." "The on-site construction volume is reduced to 20% of the original, the construction period can be reduced by half, and construction waste emissions are reduced by 70%, but the overall cost does not increase." Fan Zesen, deputy general manager of China Construction Technology, said.
The construction is greener and the later operation is also energy-saving. Fan Zesen said that on the one hand, the project uses passive technology to reduce the building's heating and cooling needs and energy load through full shading, air interlayer insulation and other means; on the other hand, it applies high-performance energy systems to store and flexibly use rooftop photovoltaic power generation. The 1,200 square meters of photovoltaic panels generate 220,000 kilowatt hours of electricity throughout the year, with a renewable energy utilization rate of 50%.
By the end of 2022, the cumulative green building area nationwide will exceed 10 billion square meters, and the proportion of new green buildings in cities and towns will account for about 90% of new buildings in 2022. In the northern region, more than 1.8 billion square meters of energy-saving renovation of existing residential buildings have been completed, benefiting more than 24 million residents.
The low-carbon development of the entire life cycle of buildings is inseparable from the promotion and application of upstream green building materials. In Bengbu City, Anhui Province, my country's largest copper-indium-gallium-selenide power generation glass production line is operating in an orderly manner. A 3-micron-thick copper-indium-gallium-selenide film is evenly coated on the glass substrate, which has good power generation performance under low-light conditions. "This production line can produce 300 megawatts of power-generating glass every year, which can be installed on 2 million square meters of curtain wall roofs. The electricity generated can be used by 100,000 households for one year." Wang Changhua, executive deputy general manager of Triumph Photovoltaics, said.
Promote high-strength steel bars, high-performance concrete, structural insulation integrated wall panels and other products, and encourage the development of prefabricated components and components with excellent performance... Green building materials are being more widely used in various types of buildings. According to estimates, the operating revenue of green building materials products in 2022 will be nearly 170 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of more than 20%.
Create new scenarios and new models
Open up new areas such as industrial plants and energy engineering to improve the level of industry chain collaboration and management efficiency
As urban development shifts from large-scale incremental construction to equal emphasis on stock improvement and incremental structural adjustment, the growth of the construction industry has slowed down. Against this background, many construction companies are actively creating new scenarios, new models, and seeking new breakthroughs.
——Open up new scenarios and inject market vitality.
Aluminum formwork assembly, steel bar tying, concrete pouring... At the urban renewal project site of Shenzhen Nanshan Intelligent Manufacturing Honghualing Base, dozens of large construction machines are busy working. Not long ago, the first roof of a large factory building nearly 100 meters high was completed. , to achieve "industry going upstairs".
"The factory adopts the design of 'circular ramp + elevated road', and the structure has been optimized for high load-bearing. Loading and unloading can be directly connected to each floor. This will effectively solve the problems of 'equipment is not easy to get upstairs' and the freight efficiency of high-rise factories is low', and fully exploit the land utilization. "Potential." Wang Gang, project leader of China Construction Second Engineering Bureau, said that since this year, innovative projects such as "Industrial Upstairs" have become new business growth points.
In response to the needs of urban renewal, China Construction First Engineering Bureau has built an integrated investment, construction and operation model to promote projects such as the protection and renewal of historical districts; seizing the opportunity of energy transformation, China Construction Fifth Engineering Bureau has undertaken projects such as photovoltaic power generation and lithium battery cathode materials... Since this year, China Construction's newly signed contracts have grown rapidly in the fields of high-tech industrial plants, educational facilities and other public buildings, as well as in railways, water conservancy, energy engineering and other fields. In the first three quarters, the value of newly signed contracts in the industrial plant field increased by 57.3% year-on-year, and the value of newly signed contracts in the energy engineering field increased by 144.8% year-on-year.
——Develop new models to improve management efficiency.
Click on the "Jingcai Cloud" platform, where cement, fly ash, construction steel and other building materials are all available. Enter the model, quantity, arrival time and other information to quickly match suppliers. "Take support materials as an example. The construction of a building can range from a few hundred tons to tens of thousands of tons. For construction units with hundreds of projects, it is very difficult to coordinate them in a short time." China Construction Fourth Bureau Logistics Zhu Yuchuan, general manager of the mold base division of the development company, said that after the company built a digital platform, the turnover efficiency of rack materials increased nearly three times. Not only that, the company has also built a smart warehousing base to realize intelligent management of mechanical facilities, material data, etc., and the average monthly throughput has increased from 5,000 tons in 2021 to 15,000 tons now.
"The construction industry industry chain is long, involves a wide range of areas, and is highly related. Currently, owners, designers, construction companies, material equipment suppliers, subcontracting units, and operation and maintenance parties have poor coordination and lack of unified data interfaces, resulting in the industry chain Data is fragmented and no healthy collaboration mechanism has been formed. "Jing Wan believes that relevant parties in the construction industry chain should jointly build an industry ecosystem to share information, deepen cooperation, and improve efficiency.
——Expand new regions and lay out the global market.
With a total area of about 505,000 square meters, Egypt's new administrative capital central business district project is progressing in an orderly manner; the entire line is about 170 kilometers long, and the first section of the Padma Bridge railway connection line in Bangladesh is open to traffic, which is expected to directly benefit a population of 80 million... … In recent years, my country’s construction industry enterprises have accelerated their “going out” strategy. In 2022, the total turnover of foreign contracted projects nationwide will reach US$154.99 billion, an increase of 32.9% compared with 2012.
Some companies said that in recent years, competition in the international engineering industry has intensified and project construction costs have increased. It is necessary to proactively carry out cooperation in green, digital, innovation and other fields, continue to optimize professional services, strengthen the resilience of the supply chain, and enhance competitiveness.
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